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Insekten -- Heteroptera - Wanzen -- Cimicidae - Bettwanzen

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Bezeichnungen - Verbreitung - Merkmale - Ähnliche Arten - Biologie - Gefahren - Hinweise auf Befall - Bekämpfung - Rechtliches - Literatur

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↑ Deutsche Bezeichnung: xxx.

Wissenschaftlicher Name: Cimex hemipterus Fabricius, 1803.

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↑ Verbreitung: xxx.

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↑ Merkmale: xxx

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↑ Ähnliche Arten: xxx.

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↑ Biologie: xxx

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↑ Gefahren: xxx

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↑ Hinweise auf Befall: xxx

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↑ Bekämpfung: xxx.

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↑ Rechtliches: Zur Zeit ist die Tropische Bettwanze nicht meldepflichtig, auch wenn dieses wünschenswert wäre, um die weitere rasante Verbreitung aufzuhalten.

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↑ Literatur: Zompro, O. 2019 -- Die Bettwanzen-Fibel. -- Sungaya-Verlag, Berlin. 208 S. ISBN 978-3-943592-20-7. Hier geht es zu einer ausführlichen Liste wissenschaftlicher Literatur zum Thema ,Bettwanzen’.

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Zurück zur Hauptseite ,Bettwanzen’

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Insekten -- Heteroptera - Wanzen -- Cimicidae - Bettwanzen

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Die Literatur zum Thema Bettwanzen ist äußerst vielfältig, neben einer fast unübersehbaren Menge an wissenschaftlichen Schriften gibt es auch zahlreiche Bücher. Das erste Buch, welches sich ausschließlich diesem Thema widmet, dürfte John Southalls ,A Treatise of Buggs' von 1730 sein, veröffentlicht in London.

There is a large amount of literature concentrating on the subject ,bed bugs'. Beside many books many scientific papers have been dealing with bed bugs. The first book dedicated to this subject seems to be John Southall's ,A Treatise of Buggs' from 1730, published in London.

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Durch klicken auf <↑> gelangen Sie wieder nach oben. By clicking on <↑> you get back to the top.

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<Bücher> - <A> - <B> - <C> - <D> - <E> - <F> - <G> - <H> - <I> - <J> - <K> - <L> - <M> - <N> - <O> - <P> - <Q> - <R> - <S> - <T> - <U> - <V> - <W> - <X> - <Y> - <Z>

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 <A> - <↑>

• Aak, A., Rukke, B. A., Soleng, A. & Rosnes, M. K. 2014 -- Questing activity in bed bug populations: male and female responses to host signals. -- Physiological Entomology 39: 199-207.
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• Abdel-Naser, M. B., Lotfy, R. A., Al-Sherbiny, M. M. & Sayed Ali, N. M. 2006 -- Patients with papular urticaria have IgG antibodies to bedbug (Cimex lectularius) antigens. -- Parasitology Research 98(6): 550-556.
• Aboul-Nasr, A. E. & Erakey., M. A. S. 1969 -- The effect of light reactions upon the bed bug Cimex lectularius L. -- Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 52: 337-351.
• Adams, M. & Jenkins, D. 2017 -- An early holocene record of Cimex (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) from western North America. -- Journal of Medical Entomology 54(4): 934-944.
• Adelman, Z. N., Miller, D. M. & Myles, K. M. 2013 -- Bed bugs and infectious disease: a case for the arboviruses. -- PLoS Pathogens 9(8): 1-4.
• Adetimehin, A. D., Ejomah, A. J. & Uyi, O. 2019 -- Efficacy of Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) root powder against the tropical bedbug, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Asian Journal of Biological Sciences 12(4): 905-910.
• Akhtar, Y. & Isman, M. B. 2013 -- Horizontal transfer of diatomaceous earth and botanical insecticides in the Common Bed Bug, Cimex lectularius L.; Hemiptera: Cimicidae. PLoS ONE 8(9)e75626: 1-7.
• Alizadeh, I., Gorouhi, M. A., Afshar, A. A. & Hayati, R. 2019 -- Why is the control of bed bugs' (Cimex spp.) infestations as an urban environmental health pest difficult? Reasons & control strategies. -- Journal of Environmental Health 4(1): 666-669.
• Alizadeh, I., Jahanifard, E. & Sharififard, M. 2020 -- Human repellency test for bed bug (Cimex lectularius). -- Method.
• Amarga, A. K. S. & Yap, S. A. 2017 -- Search for the blind vampire: First record of Eoctenes Kirkaldy in Southern Luzon, (Hemiptera: Polyctenidae), with key to the Cimicoidea ectoparasitic on bats in the Philippines. -- Halteres 8: 25-29.
• Anderson, J. F., Ferrandino, F. J., Vasil, M. P., Bedoukian, R. H., Maher, M. & McKenzie, K. 2018 -- Repellency of naturally occurring or related compounds, DEET, and para-menthane-3,8-diol to bed bugs. -- (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Journal of Medical Entomology 55(2): 666-672.
• Angelakis, E., Socolovschi, C. & Raoult, D. 2013 -- Short Report: Bartonella quintana in Cimex hemipterus, Rwanda. -- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 89(5): 986-987.
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• Althoff, J., Engel, L., Hermes, M., Römer, M. & Teuber, H. 2013 -- Technische Regeln und Normen der Schädlingsbekämpfung. Standards für den professionellen Anwender. Gesundheits- und Vorratsschutz. -- Technische Regeln und Normen der Schädlingsbekämpfung. 2. Auflage. 152 S.
• Amarga, A. K. S. & Yap, S. A. 2017 -- Search for the blind vampire: First record of Eoctenes Kirkaldy in Southern Luzon, (Hemiptera: Polyctenidae), with key to the Cimicoidea ectoparasitic on bats in the Philippines. -- Halteres 8: 25-29.
• Anderson, J. F., Ferrandino, F. J., Vasil, M. P., Bedoukian, R. H., Maher, M. & McKenzie, K. 2018 -- Repellency of naturally occurring or related compounds, DEET, and Para-Menthane-3,8-Diol to bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Journal of Medical Entomology 55(3): 666-672.
• Angelakis, E., Socolovschi, C. & Raoult, D. 2013 -- Short Report: Bartonella quintana in Cimex hemipterus, Rwanda. -- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 89(5): 986-987.
• Araujo, R. N., Costa, F. S., Gontijo, N. F., Gonçalves, T. C. M. & Pereira, M. H. 2009 -- The feeding process of Cimex lectularius (Linnaeus 1758) and Cimex hemipterus (Fabricius 1803) on different bloodmeal sources. -- Journal of Insect Physiology 55: 1151-1157.
• Ashbrook, A. 2014 -- Bifenthrin and chlorfenapyr resistance monitoring in common bed bug. -- Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting.
• Ashbrook, A. R., Scharf, M. E., Bennett, G. W. & Gondhalekar, A. D. 2017 -- Detection of reduced susceptibility to Chlorfenapyr- and Bifenthrin-containing products in field populations of the Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Journal of Economic Entomology 110(3): 1195–1202.
• Ashbrook, A. R., Scharf, M. E., Bennett, G. W. & Gondhalekar, A. D. 2019 -- Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) exhibit limited ability to develop heat resistance. -- PLoS ONE 14(2): e0211677: 1-17.
• Ashcroft, R., Seko, Y., Chan, L. F., Dere, J., Kim, J. & McKenzie, K. 2015 -- The mental health impact of bed bug infestations: a scoping review. -- International Journal of Public Health 60: 827-837.

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• Balvin, O. 2008 -- Revision of the West Palaearctic Cimex species. Preliminary report. -- Bulletin of Insectology 61(1): 129-130.
• Balvín, O. & Bartonička, T. 2014 -- Cimicids and bat hosts in the Czech and Slovak Republics: ecology and distribution. -- Vespertilio 17: 23-36.
• Balvín, O., Bartonička, T., Pilařová, K., DeVries, Z. & Schal, C. 2016 -- Discrimination between lineage-specific shelters by bat- and human-associated bed bugs does not constitute a stable reproductive barrier. -- Parasitology Research 116(1): 237-242.
• Balvín, O., Bartonička, T., Simov, N., Paunović & Vilímová, J. 2014 -- Distribution and host relations of species of the genus Cimex on bats in Europe. -- Folia Zoologica 63(4): 281-289.
• Balvín, O., Munclinger, P., Kratochvíl, L. & Vilímová, J. 2012 -- Mitochondrial DNA and morphology show independent evolutionary histories of bedbug Cimex lectularius (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) on bats and humans. -- Parasitological Research.
• Balvín, O., Bartonička, T., Simov, N., Paunović, M. & Vilímová, J. 2015 -- Distribution and host relations of species of the genus Cimex on bats in Europe. -- Folia Zoologica 63(4): 281-289.
• Balvín, O., Chajma, P. & Naylor, R. 2019 -- Age structure of bed bug (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) aggregations affects the nymphal feeding success. -- Parasites & Vectors 12(1)400: 1-5.
• Balvín, O., Roth, S. & Vilímová, J. 2015 -- Molecular evidence places the swallow bug genus Oeciacus Stål within the bat and bed bug genus Cimex Linnaeus (Heteroptera: Cimicidae). -- Systematic Entomology 40(3): 652-665.
• Balvin, O., Ševčík, M., Jahelková, M. & Bartonička, T. 2012 -- Transport of bugs of the genus Cimex (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) by bats in western Palaearctic. -- Vespertilio 16: 43-54.
• Balvin, O., Vilímová, J. & Kratochvíl, L. 2013 -- Batbugs (Cimex pipistrelli group, Heteroptera: Cimicidae) are morphologically, but not genetically differentiated among bat hosts. -- Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 51(4): 287-295.
• Banfield, M. G. & Schaafsma, E. J. 2014 -- Bed bug attractants and methods for trapping bed bugs. -- United States Patent US 8,808,721 B2.
• Baraka, G. T., Nyundo, B. A., Mwang’onde, B. J. & Kweka, E. J. 2019 -- Susceptibility status of bedbugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) against pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. -- Journal of Medical Entomology TJZ173: 1-5.
• Barbarin, A. M., Barbu, C. M., Gebhardtsbauer, , R. & Rajotte, E. G. 2014 -- Survival and fecundity of two strains of Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). -- Journal of Medical Entomology 51(5): 925-931.
• Barbarin, A. M., Gebhardtsbauer, R. & Rajotte, E. G. 2013 -- Evaluation of blood regimen on the survival of Cimex lectularius L. using life table parameters. -- Insects 4(2): 273-286.
• Barbarin, A. M., Hu, B., Nachamkin, I. & Levy, M. Z. 2014 -- Colonization of Cimex lectularius with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. -- Environmental Microbiology 16(5): 1222-1224.
• Barbarin, A. M., Jenkins, N. E., Rajotte, E. G. & Thomas, M. B. 2012 -- A preliminary evaluation of the potential of Beauveria bassiana for bed bug control. -- Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 111: 82–85.
• Barile, J., Nauen, R., Nentwig, G., Pospischil & Reid, B. 2008 -- Laboratory and field evaluation of Deltamethrin and Bendiocarb to control Cimex lectularius (Heteroptera: Cimicidae). -- Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Urban Pests 105-111.
• Barrozo, R. B., Schilman, P. E., Minoli, S. A. & Lazzari, C. R. 2004 -- Daily rhythms in disease-vector insects. -- Biological Rhythm Research 35(1-2): 79-92.
• Bartonička, T. 2007 -- Bat bugs (Cimex pipistrelli, Heteroptera) and roost switching in bats. -- Berichte der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft der Oberlausitz, Supplement zu Band 15: 29-36.
• Bartonička, T. 2008 -- Cimex pipistrelli (Heteroptera, Cimicidae) and the dispersal propensity of bats: An experimental study. -- Parasitology Research 104: 163-168.
• Bartonička, T. 2010 -- Survival rate of bat bugs (Cimex pipistrelli, Heteroptera) under different microclimatic conditions. -- Parasitology Research 107: 827-833.
• Bartonička, T. & Gaisler, J. 2007 -- Seasonal dynamics in the numbers of parasitic bugs (Heteroptera, Cimicidae): a possible cause of roost switching in bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). -- Parasitology Research 100: 1323-1330.
• Bartonička, T. & Růžičková, L. 2012 -- Bat bugs (Cimex pipistrelli) and their impact on non-dwelling bats. -- Parasitology Research 111: 1233-1238.
• Bartonička, T. & Růžičková, L. 2013 -- Recolonization of bat roost by bat bugs (Cimex pipistrelli): Could parasite load be a cause of bat roost switching? -- Parasitology Research 112(4): 1615-1622.
• Bencheton, A. L., Pagès, F., Berenger, J.-M., Lightburne, E. & Morand, E. 2010 -- Dermite aux punaises de lit (Cimex lectularius). -- Annales de dermatologie et de vénéréologie 137: 53-59.
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• Bello, P. J. 2014 -- The bed bug combat manual. -- AuthorHouse. 182 S.
• Benoit, J. B. 2011 -- Stress Tolerance of Bed Bugs: A review of factors that cause trauma to Cimex lectularius and C. hemipterus. -- Insects 2: 151-172.
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• Benoit, J. B. & Denlinger, D. L. 2010 --  Meeting the challenges of on-host and off-host water balance inblood-feeding arthropods. -- Journal of Insect Physiology 56(19: 1366-1376.
• Benoit, J. B., Jajack, A. J. & Yoder, J. A. 2012 -- Multiple traumatic insemination events reduce the ability of bed bug females to maintain water balance. -- Journal of Comparative Physiology B 182: 189-198.
• Benoit, J.B., Lopez-Martinez, G., Teets, N. M., Phillips, S. A., & Denlinger, D. L. 2009 -- Responses of the bed bug, Cimex lectularius, to temperature extremes and dehydration: levels of tolerance, rapid cold hardening and expression of heat shock proteins. -- Medical and Veterinary Entomology 23: 418-424.
• Benoit, J. B., Phillips, S. A., Croxall, T. J., Christensen, B. S., Yoder, J. A., & Denlinger, D. L. 2009 -- Addition of alarm pheromone components improves the effectiveness of desiccant dusts against Cimex lectularius. -- Journal of Medical Entomology 46: 572-579.
• Bérenger, J.-M. & Pluot-Sigwalt, D. 2017 -- Présence en France de la Punaise de lit tropicale, Cimex hemipterus (Fabricius, 1803) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimicidae). -- Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 122(4): 423-427.
• Black, M. K., Chandler, J. G., Trout Fryxwell, R. T. & Vail, K. M. 2021 -- The common ced cug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) does not commonly use canines and felines as a host in low-income, high-rise apartments. -- Journal of Medical Entomology xxx: xxx.
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• Booth, W., Balvín, O., Vargo, E. L., Vilímová, J. & Schal, C. 2015 -- Host association drives genetic divergence in the bed bug, Cimex lectularius. -- Molecular Ecology 24(5): 980-992.
• Borel, B. 2015 -- Infested. How the bed bug infiltrated our bedrooms and took over the world. -- University of Chicago Press. 275 S. ISBN 978-0226361086.
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• Bowles, D. E., Robbins, R. G., Harlan, H. J. & Carpenter, T. L. 2013 -- New Missouri County records and review of the distribution and disease vector potential of Ornithodoros kelleyi (Arachnida: Ixodida: Argasidae) and Cimex adjunctus (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 115(2): 117-127.
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• Burton, G. J. 1963 -- Bedbugs in transmission of human diseases. -- Public Health Reports 78(6): 513-524.

<C> - <↑>

Cummings

• Cáceres, M., Santo-Orihuela, P. L. & Vassena, C. V. 2019 -- Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides and metabolic detoxification mechanism by use of synergist in the common Bed Bug (Heteroptera: Cimicidae). -- Journal of Medical Entomology 56(5): 1324-1330.
• Cambronero-Heinrichs, J. C., Sánchez-Portilla, L. S., Calderón-Arguedas, Ó. & Troyo, A. 2020 -- Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758 (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Costa Rica: First case report confirmed by molecular methods in Central America. -- Journal of Medical Entomology 51(5): xxx
• Campbell, B. E., Koehler, P. G., Buss, L. J. & Baldwin, R. W. 2016 -- Recent documentation of the tropical bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Florida since the common bed bug resurgence. -- Florida Entomologist 99(3): 549-551.
• Campbell, B. E. & Miller, D. M. 2015 -- Insecticide resistance in eggs and first instars of the bed bug, Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Insects 6: 122-132.
• Campbell, B. E., Miller, D. M., Devries, Z. C. & Appel, A. G. 2017 -- Water loss and metabolic activity in bed bug eggs (Cimex lectularius). -- Physiological Entomology doi: 10.1111/phen.12204: 1-7.
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• Chagas C. 1909 a -- Neue Trypanosomen: Vorläufige Mitteilung. -- Archiv fur Schiffs- und Tropen-Hygiene 13: 120-122.
• Chagas, C. 1909 b -- Über eine neue Trypanosomiasis des Menschen. -- Archiv fur Schiffs- und Tropen-Hygiene 13: 351-353.
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• Choe, D.-H. & Campbell, K. 2014 -- Effect of feeding status on mortality response of adult bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to some insecticide products. -- Journal of Economic Entomology 107(3): 1206-1215.
• Cooper, R., Wang, C. & Singh, N. 2015 -- Effects of various interventions, including mass trapping with passive pitfall traps, on low-level bed bug populations in apartments. -- Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
• Criado, P. R., Belda, W. jr., Criado, R. F. J., Vasconcelos e Silva, R. & Vasconcelos, R. 2011 -- Bedbugs (Cimicidae infestation): The worldwide renaissance of an old partner of human kind. -- The Brazilian Journnal of Infectious Diseases 15(1): 74-80.
• Crawley, S. E., Gordon, J., Kowles, K. A., Potter, M. F. & Haynes, K. F. 2017 -- Impact of sublethal exposure to a pyrethroid-neonicotinoid insecticide on mating, fecundity and development in the bed bug Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- PLoS ONE 12(5)e0177410: 1-14.
• Cummings, B. F. 1932 -- The bed bug it’s habits and life-history and how to deal with it. -- xxx
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<D> - <↑>

Doggett Donovan

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• Dang, K., Toi, C. S., Lilly, D. G., Lee, C.-Y., Naylor, R., Tawatsin, A., Thavara, U., Bu, W. & Doggett, S. L. 2014 -- Detection of knockdown resistance (KDR) in Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). -- Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Urban Pests 113-118.
• Davies, T. G. E., Field, L. M. & Williamson, M. S. 2012 -- The re-emergence of the bed bug as a nuisance pest: implications of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides. -- Medical and Veterinary Entomology 26: 241-254.
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Zurück zur Hauptseite ,Bettwanzen’

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Insekten -- Heteroptera - Wanzen -- Cimicidae - Bettwanzen

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Bezeichnungen - Verbreitung - Merkmale - Ähnliche Arten - Biologie - Gefahren - Hinweise auf Befall - Vorbeugung - Bekämpfung - Rechtliches - Literatur

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↑ Wissenschaftlicher Name: Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758.

Bettwanze, Gemeine Bettwanze, Hauswanze.   Bed bug.  Punaise des lits.  Tahtakurusu.

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↑ Verbreitung: Die ursprüngliche Verbreitung ist kaum noch nachvollziehbar. Mittlerweile ist die Bettwanze weltweit verbreitet. Ursprünglich lebte sie wohl in Fledermaushöhlen und Schwalbennestern, und ging wohl erst auf den Menschen über als dieser anfing Höhlen zu bewohnen, oder auch erst mit dem Bau von Häusern, die ja eigentlich nur künstliche Höhlen sind.

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↑ Merkmale: Bettwanzen sind durch ihren rundlichen, flachen Körper in Haushalten eigentlich unverkennbar. Sie werden 4-6 mm lang. Größere Exemplare sind immer braunrot gefärbt, bei kleineren Bettwanzen ist der Körper weißlich und deutlich länglicher. Bettwanzen haben einen Saugrüssel, sie können also nur stechen, nicht beissen! Die Eier der Bettwanzen sind etwa 1 mm lang, lang-bohnenförmig, hell weißlich und besitzen einen Deckel, der beim Schlupf der Larve aufgestoßen wird. Frische Eier glänzen stark, bei älteren Eiern, die bereits geschlüpft sind und länger liegen, läßt der Glanz nach.

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↑ Ähnliche Arten: Cimex columbarius Jenyns, 1839 - Taubenwanze; Cimex hemipterus Fabricius, 1803 - Tropische Bettwanze; Oeciacus hirundinis (Lamarck, 1816) - Schwalbenwanze.

Khan & Rahman (2012) berichten, daß in Bangladesh mittlerweile die Art Cimex hemipterus in menschlichen Behausungen weit verbreitet ist. Auch in Deutschland ist mit einem Auftreten zu rechnen.

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↑ Biologie: Bettwanzen sind nachtaktiv. Tagsüber verstecken sie sich in jeder Form von Ritzen. Wie bei allen Wanzen handelt es sich um Insekten mit unvollständiger Verwandlung, die Larven ähneln also schon stark den Elterntieren.

Bei der Paarung sticht das Männchen seinen Samen irgendwo in den Hinterleib des Weibchens. Weibchen können etwa ein Jahr alt werden, und legen in dieser Zeit bis zu 500 Eier, bis zu sieben Stück pro Tag. Die Larven schlüpfen nach 10-14 Tagen. Die Entwicklung bis zum erwachsenen Insekt verläuft über fünf Larvenstadien, jedes Stadium muß mindestens einmal Blut saugen.

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↑ Gefahren: In Bettwanzen wurden die Erreger von Hepatitis B und C sowie das Q-Fieber nachgewiesen (Klimpel & Jördens, 2012). Da andere Wanzen erfolgreich Krankheiten auf den Menschen übertragen können, wäre dieses für die Bettwanze ebenfalls vorstellbar. Zur Zeit laufen zu diesem Thema Untersuchungen. Die allgemeine Lehrmeinung bisher verneinte eine Übertragung von Krankheiten. Gezielte Forschungen dazu dürften aber bisher kaum durchgeführt worden sein.

Ein eindeutiges Probelm sind aber die stichbedingten Schwellungen, die bei einigen Betroffenen so stark ausfallen, daß sie fast wie Verbrennungen aussehen, und die Betroffenen sich nicht mehr in die Öffentlichkeit wagen.

Die psychische Belastung durch einen Bettwanzenbefall kann gar nicht hoch genug eingeschätzt werden.

Oftmals ist es für die Betroffenen nach einer erfolgreichen Bekämpfung problematisch zu verstehen, daß es in der Wohnung keine Bettwanzen mehr gibt. Jede nur erdenkliche Auffälligkeit der Haut wird dann als Stich gewertet. Manchmal hilft nur noch eine professionelle psychologische Betreuung. Dieses Phänomen ist als Protozoen- oder Dermatozoen-Wahn bekannt.

Ärztliche Aussagen zu diesem Thema sind mehr oder weniger völlig wertlos, bisher kann niemand zuverlässig die verschiedenen Insektenstiche auseinanderhalten. Uns ist sogar ein Fall bekannt, in dem ein Hautarzt Bettwanzenstiche als ,ansteckend’ bezeichnete. Hüten Sie sich also vor solcher Scharlatanerie, und rufen Sie gegebenenfalls einen Fachmann. Es ist aber auch im Bereich der professionellen Schädlingsbekämpfer nicht leicht, einen echten Fachmann zu finden!

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↑ Vorbeugung: Geht man auf Reisen sollte eine gründliche Untersuchung des Hotelzimmers selbstverständlich sein. Das Gepäck stellt man in der Zwischenzeit in der Badewanne oder Duschkabine ab.

Doch auch der Flug bietet bereits Risiken, da Bettwanzen manchmal bereits in den Sitzen und in den Gepäckablagen lauern. Daher kann es passieren, daß man trotz aller Vorsicht Bettwanzen mit nach Hause bringt. Zuhause sollte man alles, was man am Körper trägt in die Wäsche bei mindestens 60 °C geben. Das Gepäck stellt man sofort in die Badewanne oder Duschkabine und packt es sorgfältig aus, wobei man jedes einzelne Teil untersucht und ausschüttelt, über der Wanne natürlich. Am Koffer selbst sollte man die Reißverschlüsse und Nähte mit einer harten Bürste gründlich abbürsten.

Besucher aus befallenen Wohnungen sollten ihr Gepäck ebenso erst einmal gründlich in der Badewanne durchsuchen. Auch das Gästezimmer sollte etwa vier Wochen nach dem Besuch gründlich untersucht werden.

Links: Lattenroste aus Metall behindern die Ausbreitung von Bettwanzen.

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↑ Hinweise auf Befall: Am ehesten wird man die Stiche bemerken, die oft auffällige Quaddeln hinterlassen. Weiterhin sind insbesondere auf dem Lattenrost des Bettes Kotspuren zu entdecken, meist direkt an den Halterungen, bei einem stärkeren Befall auch an anderen Stellen. Entdeckt man bereits frei herumlaufende Bettwanzen sollte man sich eingestehen, daß viel zu lange nichts unternommen wurde und der Befall sich bereits im ganzen Zimmer, wenn nicht sogar der gesamten Wohnung ausgebreitet hat.

   

Links: Erwachsene Bettwanzen und Larven. Mitte links: Eier hinter der Rückwand eines Schrankes. Mitte rechts: Verschiedene Stadien auf Eiern. Rechts: Kotspuren an einem Bettgestell.

Links: Bettwanzenkot an einer Schraube. Hier hing ein Bild. Mitte links: Bettwanzenkot an einem Lattenrost. Mitte rechts: Häute und Eier an der Naht einer Couch. Rechts: Stichwunden.

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↑ Bekämpfung: Die Bekämpfung von Bettwanzen ist außerordentlich schwierig und wird nur durch einen echten Profi erfolgreich sein. Selbst gewerbliche Schädlingsbekämpfer sind hiermit oft überfordert. Generell gilt: Meiden Sie Billiganbieter und selbsternannte ,Marktführer’. Die benötigten Präparate sind teuer, und ihre Anwendung erfordert eine hohe Sachkenntnis! Einige Maßnahmen, etwa das Vernebeln, sind bei Bettwanzen mehr oder weniger völlig wirkungslos. Bettwanzen reisen schnell und komfortabel mit Touristen und Geschäftsleuten, und werden weltweit, oft von Laien, mit den unterschiedlichsten Präparaten konfrontiert. Daher sind sie gegen viele gängige Präparate schon mehr oder weniger resistent.

Gegen Bettwanzen ist der Einsatz chemischer oder thermischer Verfahren möglich. Biologische Verfahren gibt es bislang nicht, und mechanische Verhinderungsmaßnahmen befinden sich noch in der Erprobung. Am erfolgversprechendsten ist nach wie vor die chemische Behandlung - wenn die durchführende Firma weiß, wie man arbeiten muß! Echte Profis beseitigen einen Befall mit Bettwanzen mit einer einzigen Behandlung.

Bei der thermischen Behandlung von Bettwanzen findet die Bekämpfung fast ausschließlich durch Wärme statt. Ein klarer Vorteil ist, daß nach der Bekämpfung keine chemischen Rückstände in der Wohnung verbleiben. Eine thermische Bekämpfung ist aber nicht weniger aufwendig als eine auf Chemie basierende Behandlung, und bietet allein natürlich keinen Schutz vor der Rückkehr entwichener Bettwanzen oder der erneuten Zuwanderung aus der Nachbarschaft.

Eine Bekämpfung von Bettwanzen kann nur dann erfolgreich sein, wenn wirklich jede einzelne Bettwanze beseitigt wird! Ausführliche Hinweise zur erfolgreichen Vorbereitung und Bekämpfung finden sich auf der Internetseite der Firma MIB-Schädlingsbekämpfung® in Berlin. Die Checkliste zur Bekämpfung dort dürfte die ausführlichste überhaupt sein.

Bettwanzen sind auch in anderer Hinsicht problematisch. Da viele Menschen anfangen, sich nachts unbewußt zu kratzen, und damit auch nach der Behandlung noch vermeintliche Stichwunden aufweisen, wird immer wieder fälschlich geschlossen, daß noch Wanzen vorhanden sind. Oft fällt es solchen Betroffenen schwer zu akzeptieren, daß keine Wanzen mehr vorhanden sind. Das nächtliche Kratzen wird im Zirkelschluß als Beweis dafür gesehen, daß noch Schädlinge anwesend sind. Und dann wird die nicht mehr vorhandene Wanze zu dem Gespenst, daß wir als ,Hirnwanze’ bezeichnen, und nur noch durch professionelle psychologische Hilfe beseitigt werden kann.

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↑ Rechtliches: Zur Zeit ist die Bettwanze nicht meldepflichtig, auch wenn dieses wünschenswert wäre, um die weitere rasante Verbreitung aufzuhalten.

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↑ Literatur: Zompro, O. 2019 -- Die Bettwanzen-Fibel. -- Sungaya-Verlag, Berlin. 208 S. ISBN 978-3-943592-20-7. Hier geht es zu einer ausführlichen Liste wissenschaftlicher Literatur zum Thema ,Bettwanzen’.

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